ÿþ <head> <title>?8C< CGQ=KE</title> </head> <body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:.5in'> <table bgcolor="#FFF8C6" width="100%" class="navbar"> <tr> <td> <a href="http://reverent.org/ru/" title=";03>3>259=K5 @072;5G5=8O">;03>3>259=K5 @072;5G5=8O</a> &rarr; <a href="http://ecclesiastes911.net/ru/" title="-::;5780AB0 9:11">-::;5780AB0 9:11</a> &rarr; ?8C< CGQ=KE </td> <td align=right> <A HREF="http://ecclesiastes911.net/opium_for_scholars.html" title="Opium for Scholars" ><IMG SRC="http://reverent.org/Icons/en.jpg" border=1 align=middle></a> </td> </tr> </table> <h1 align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>?8C< CGQ=KE</span></h1> <br> <p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:justify'><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>0;0H52 70AB0; <0@H0;0 02C 2 A0@05 :@5ABLO=A:>8 871K, A84OI53> =0 1>G>=:5 8 70=OB>3> ?8AL<5==K<8 @01>B0<8 (>= ?>25@O; AG5BK). 4JNB0=B AB>O; ?>4;5 =53>. >7<>6=> 1K;> =09B8 ;CGH55 ?><5I5=85, => <0@H0; 02C 1K; >48= 87 B5E ;N459, :>B>@K5 =0@>G=> AB02OB A51O 2 A0<K5 <@0G=K5 CA;>28O 687=8, 4;O B>3> GB>1K 8<5BL ?@02> 1KBL <@0G=K<8. =8 4;O B>3> 65 2A5340 ?>A?5H=> 8 C?>@=> 70=OBK. «45 BCB 4C<0BL > AG0AB;82>9 AB>@>=5 G5;>25G5A:>9 687=8, :>340, 2K 2848B5, O =0 1>G:5 A86C 2 3@O7=>< A0@05 8 @01>B0N»,  3>2>@8;> 2K@065=85 53> ;8F0. ;02=>5 C4>2>;LAB285 8 ?>B@51=>ABL MB8E ;N459 A>AB>8B 2 B><, GB>1K, 2AB@5B82 >682;5=85 687=8, 1@>A8BL MB><C >682;5=8N 2 3;070 A2>N <@0G=CN, C?>@=CN 45OB5;L=>ABL. -B> C4>2>;LAB285 4>AB028; A515 02C, :>340 : =5<C 225;8 0;0H520. = 5I5 1>;55 C3;C18;AO 2 A2>N @01>BC, :>340 2>H5; @CAA:89 35=5@0;, 8, 273;O=C2 G5@57 >G:8 =0 >682;5==>5 ... ;8F> 0;0H520, =5 2AB0;, =5 ?>H525;8;AO 4065, 0 5I5 1>;LH5 =0E<C@8;AO 8 7;>1=> CA<5E=C;AO.</span>.</p> <p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><i>&nbsp;52 ">;AB>9, >9=0 8 <8@</i></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'>">;AB>2A:>5 >?8A0=85 <0@H0;0 02C =025@=O:0 =0?><=8;> G8B0B5;N B8?8G=>3> =0CG=>3> @01>B=8:0. '5< 70=OBK MB8 CG5=K5 :>BK? =8 ?8HCB =0CG=K5 @01>BK. 06=K9 ?0@0<5B@, ?> :>B>@><C >F5=820NB ?@>4C:B82=>ABL CG5=>3>, - MB> G8A;> AB0B59, GB> >= ?C1;8:C5B 70 3>4. 'B>1K 2K68BL 2 46C=3;OE =0C:8 >= 4>;65= 45@60BL MB>B ?0@0<5B@ 2KA>:>.  @57C;LB0B5 C =5:>B>@KE 87 =8E 4065 @0728205BAO 1>;57=L <i>insanabile scribendi cacoethes</i> (15H5=K9 7C4 ?8A0BL) <a name="_ftnref1"></a><a href="#_ftn1" title=""><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref1'><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='vertical-align:baseline'>[1]</span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref1'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref1'></span>. &nbsp;</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> ABL ;8 :0:85 ;81> 10@L5@K, >3@0=8G820NI85 G8A;> >?C1;8:>20==KE AB0B59? ABL ;8 :>=B@>;L :0G5AB20? </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> 1996 3. D878: 87 LN-9>@:A:>3> C=825@A8B5B0 (New York University) ;0= !>:0; (Alan Sokal) =0?8A0; =0@>G8B> 3;C?CN AB0BLN 8 AC<5; >?C1;8:>20BL 55 2 ?@5AB86=>< :C;LBC@>;>38G5A:>< 6C@=0;5 <i>!>F80;L=K9 B5:AB</i> (<i>Social Text</i>). !>:0; >?8A0; MB>B @>7K3@KH 2 <=>3>G8A;5==KE 3075B=KE AB0BLOE 8 2 :=835 <i>>4=0O G5?CE0</i> (<i>Fashionable Nonsense</i>) <a name="_ftnref2"></a><a href="#_ftn2" title=""><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref2'><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='vertical-align:baseline'>[2]</span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark: _ftnref2'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref2'></span>. = CB25@6405B, GB> 53> ?0@>489=0O @01>B0 1K;0 >?C1;8:>20=0 ?> B><C, GB> >=0 =5 >B;8G05BAO >B A5@L57=KE =0CG=KE @01>B 2 >1;0AB8 :C;LBC@>;>388. </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> B5G5=88 2001-2002 3>4>2 ?>?C;O@=K5 D@0=FC7A:85 B5;5254CI85 3>@L 8 @8H:0 >340=>2K (Igor, Grichka Bogdanoff) >?C1;8:>20;8 ?OBL AB0B59, A>AB>OI8E 87 157A<KA;5==>3> ?>B>:0 B5@<8=>2 A>2@5<5==>9 D878:8, 2 C20605<KE D878G5A:8E 6C@=0;0E 2:;NG0O B0:85, :0: <em>;0AA8G5A:0O 8 :20=B>20O 3@02B0F8O</em> (<em>Classical and Quantum Gravity</em>) 8 <em>==0;K D878:8</em> (<em>Annals of Physics</em>) <a href="#_ftn3" title="">[3]</a>.  >B;8G85 >B !>:0;0, >340=>2K =5 ?@87=0NBAO 2 @>7K3@KH5, 0 CB25@640NB, GB> 70=8<0NBAO =0AB>OI59 =0C:>9. =8 4065 70I8B8;8 4>:B>@A:85 48A5@B0F88 ?> B5>@5B8G5A:>9 D878:5 2 >4=>< 87 ?0@86A:8E C=825@A8B5B>2 =0 >A=>20=88 MB8E AB0B59.</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> 2005 3. Jeremy Stribling, Max Krohn, 8 Dan Aguayo 87 0AA0GCA5BA:>3> B5E=>;>38G5A:>3> 8=AB8BCB0 =0?8A0;8 :><?LNB5@=CN ?@>3@0<<C, :>B>@0O 35=5@8@C5B A;CG09=K5 =0CG=K5 AB0BL8 2 >1;0AB8 8=D>@<0B8:8 <a name="_ftnref4"></a><a href="#_ftn4" title=""><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref4'><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='vertical-align:baseline'>[4]</span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref4'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref4'></span>. 4=0 87 B0:8E AB0B59 1K;0 ?@8=OB0 2 ?@>3@0<<C =0CG=>9 :>=D5@5=F88 <a name="_ftnref4"></a><a href="#_ftn4" title=""><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref4'><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='vertical-align:baseline'>[4]</span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref4'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref4'></span>. </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> -B8 ?@8<5@K 45<>=AB@8@CNB, GB> <>6=> >?C1;8:>20BL ;N1CN =0?8A0==CN AB0BLN.  >BACBAB288 5AB5AB25==KE E8I=8:>2, 8 A> A:>@>ABLN @>645=8O, >3@0=8G5==>9 ;8HL A:>@>ABLN ?8A0, =0CG=K5 AB0BL8 ?;>4OBAO :0: :@>;8:8 2 2AB@0;88.</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-family:Times-Roman'>B>-=81C4L 8E G8B05B?</span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-family:Times-Roman'>0: ?@028;>, CG5=K5 ?5@5G8A;ONB AB0BL8 A2>8E :>;;53, :>B>@K5 >=8 ?@>G8B0;8, 8 :>B>@K5 ?>2;8O;8 =0 8E <KH;5=85 2 A?8A:0E ;8B5@0BC@K. "0:85 C?><8=0=8O =07K20NBAO AAK;:0<8 8;8 F8B0B0<8. ';5= >@>;52A:>3> >1I5AB20 6>= . 09<0= =0?8A0; <a href="#_ftn5" title=""><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref5'><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='vertical-align:baseline'>[5]</span></span></span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark: _ftnref5'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref5'> </span>: </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> &8B0BK =5 B>;L:> @CG0NBAO 70 02B>@8B5B=>ABL 8 C<5AB=>ABL 70O2;5=89, 2 ?>445@6:C :>B>@KE 8E ?@82>4OB; >=8 ?><5I0NB 2AN @01>BC 2 :>=B5:AB 2G5@0H=8E 4>AB865=89 8 A53>4=OH=8E CAB@5<;5=89. G5=L @54:> <>6=> =09B8 4>AB>9=CN @01>BC, 2 :>B>@>9 =5B AAK;>: =0 4@C385 8AA;54>20=8O. K ?>;>305<AO =0 AAK;:8, GB>1K ?>:070BL <5AB> =0H59 @01>BK 2 AB@C:BC@5 =0C:8, B0: 65 :0: <K ?>;>305<AO =0 @>4AB25==K5 A2O78 GB>1K ?>:070BL A2>5 <5AB> 2 A2>5< ?;5<5=8.</span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-family:Times-Roman'> B5>@88, G8A;> G8B0B5;59 <>6=> >?@545;8BL 87 G8A;0 F8B0B5;59. 0 ?@0:B8:5 MB> =5 B0: ?@>AB>.</span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-autospace:none'><span style='font-family:Times-Roman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span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> 5402=> !8<:8= 8 >9G>4EC@8 (Roychowdhury) <a href="#_ftn6">[6]</a> BI0B5;L=> 87CG8;8 >?5G0B:8 2 AAK;:0E =0 >4=C 7=0<5=8BCN =0CG=CN @01>BC. !@548 4300 AAK;>: =0 MBC AB0BLN 196 A>45@60;8 >?5G0B:8, 87 :>B>@KE B>;L:> 45 1K;8 @07=K<8. !0<0O ?>?C;O@=0O >?5G0B:0 2 =><5@5 AB@0=8FK ?>2B>@8;0AL 78 @07. B=>H5=85 G8A;0 G8B0B5;59 : G8A;C F8B0B5;59 <>6=> >F5=8BL :0: >B=>H5=85 G8A;0 <b><span style='font-family: "TimesNewRoman\,Bold"'>@07=KE </span></b>>?5G0B>:, <i>D</i>, : <b><span style='font-family:"TimesNewRoman\,Bold"'>?>;=><C G8A;C</span></b>>?5G0B>:, <i>T</i>. 59AB28B5;L=>: <K 7=05< GB> 87 <i>T </i>F8B0B5;59, <i>T </i>-<i> D</i> A:>?8@>20;8, ?> B><C, GB> >=8 ?>2B>@8;8 GLN-B> >?5G0B:C. B=>A8B5;L=> <i>D </i>>AB0;L=KE, C =0A =5B =8:0:>3> 4>:070B5;LAB20, GB> >=8 ?5@5?8AK20;8 AAK;:8, ?>MB><C, 2 A>>B25BAB288 A ?@8=F8?>< ?@57C<?F88 =528=>2=>AB8, <K ?>4@07C<5205< GB> >=8 G8B0;8. "0:8< >1@07>< G0ABL ?@>G8B0==KE AAK;>:, <i>R</i>, @02=0 <i>R = D / T </i> = 45 / 196 = 0.23. >;55 BI0B5;L=K9 0=0;87 40QB >G5=L 1;87:89 >B25B<a href="#_ftn6">[6]</a>, <a href="#_ftn7">[7]</a>. </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> > 2@5<O 0=EMBBM=A:>3> ?@>5:B0 (87>1@5B5=85 0B><=>9 1><1K) D878: -=@8:> $5@<8 A?@>A8; 35=5@0;0 5A;8 @>2A0, =0G0;L=8:0 MB>3> ?@>5:B0, - GB> B0:>5 25;8:89 ?>;:>2>45F? @>2A >B25B8;, GB> ;N1>3> ?>;:>2>4F0, :>B>@K9 >45@60; ?OBL ?>154 ?>4@O4, <>6=> =0720BL 25;8:8<.$5@<8 A?@>A8; - :0:0O G0ABL ?>;:>2>4F52 ?@8=04;568B : G8A;C 25;8:8E? @>2A >B25B8;, GB> ?@8<5@=> B@8 87 AB0. $5@<8 ?@8:8=C;, GB> 5A;8 25@>OB=>ABL 2K83@0BL >4=> A@065=85 @02=0 1/2, B> 25@>OB=>ABL 2K83@0BL ?OBL A@065=89 ?>4@O4 @02=0 (1/2)<sup>5</sup> = 1/32. 59AB28B5;L=>, 35=5@0;, ?@8<5@=> B@8 87 AB0. 0B5<0B8G5A:0O 25@>OB=>ABL 8 =8:0:>3> 35=8O.</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-autospace:none'>!CI5AB2>20=85 2>5==>3> 35=8O ?>425@30; A><=5=8N 8 ">;AB>9.  A2>59 :=835 <i>>9=0 8 8@</i> >= =0?8A0;: </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> =O7L =4@59, A;CH0O MB>B @07=>O7KG=K9 3>2>@ 8 MB8 ?@54?>;>65=8O, ?;0=K 8 >?@>25@65=8O 8 :@8:8, B>;L:> C482;O;AO B><C, GB> >=8 2A5 3>2>@8;8. "5, 402=> 8 G0AB> ?@8E>482H85 5<C 2> 2@5<O 53> 2>5==>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, <KA;8, GB> =5B 8 =5 <>65B 1KBL =8:0:>9 2>5==>9 =0C:8 8 ?>MB><C =5 <>65B 1KBL =8:0:>3> B0: =07K205<>3> 2>5==>3> 35=8O, B5?5@L ?>;CG8;8 4;O =53> A>25@H5==CN >G5284=>ABL 8AB8=K. &  >BG53> 2A5 3>2>@OB: 35=89 2>5==K9? & B B>3> B>;L:>, GB> 2>5==K5 ;N48 >1;5G5=K 1;5A:>< 8 2;0ABLN 8 <0AAK ?>4;5F>2 ;LABOB 2;0AB8, ?@84020O 59 =5A2>9AB25==K5 :0G5AB20 35=8O, 8E =07K20NB 35=8O<8. 0?@>B82, ;CGH85 35=5@0;K, :>B>@KE O 7=0;,  3;C?K5 8;8 @0AA5O==K5 ;N48.</span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-autospace:none'><span style='font-family:Times-Roman'>5;8:85 CG5=K5 ;8E>@040G=> ;8AB0NB @01>BK A2>8E :>;;53 =5B5@?5;82K<8 4@>60I8<8 ?0;LF0<8. C A:>@>, A:>@> >=8 C65 & 0E & 2>B >=8, =0:>=5F, & AAK;:8! 45AL >=8 ?5@5AB0NB ;8AB0BL 8 =0G8=0NB 8A:0BL A2>8 8<5=0 A@548 F8B8@C5<KE 02B>@>2. -B> ?@>8AE>48B =5 B>;L:> >B BI5A;028O. KH5 O ?8A0;, GB> >48= 87 ?0@0<5B@>2, 8A?>;L7C5<KE 4;O >F5=:8 =0CG=>9 ?@>872>48B5;L=>AB8, MB> G8A;> >?C1;8:>20==KE AB0B59. 4=0:>, 5I5 1>;55 206=K9 ?0@0<5B@, >B :>B>@>3> 7028A8B CA?5E CG5=>3> :>B0, - MB> G8A;> AAK;>: =0 53> @01>BK. 0 ?@0:B8:5 MB> G8A;> O2;O5BAO >1I5?@8=OB>9 <5@>9 25;8G8O CG5=>3>. >38:0 70 MB8< B0:0O, GB> CG5=K5 F8B8@CNB @01>BK, :>B>@K5 >=8 AG8B0NB ?>;57=K<8. >MB><C, 5A;8 @01>BC =5 F8B8@CNB B> >=0 15A?>;57=0, 0 5A;8 55 >G5=L <=>3> F8B8@CNB B> >=0 >G5=L ?>;57=0. </span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-autospace:none'>0?@8<5@, SPIRES <a href="#_ftn8" title="">[8]</a>, M;5:B@>==K9 0@E82 ;8B5@0BC@K ?> D878:5 2KA>:8E M=5@389, ?@8=04;560I89 !BM=D>@4A:><C F5=B@C ;8=59=KE CA:>@8B5;59, @0745;O5B =0CG=K5 AB0BL8 =0 H5ABL :0B53>@89 27028A8<>AB8 >B F8B8@C5<>AB8.  2KAH59 :0B53>@88 "7=0<5=8BK5 AB0BL8" (Renowned papers) >B=>AOBAO B5, :>B>@K5 ?>;CG8;8 1>;55 500 AAK;>:. 0209B5 ?>A<>B@8< =0 F8B8@>20=85 24-QE BKAOG =0CG=KE AB0B59, >?C1;8:>20==KE 2 Physical Review D 2 1975-1994 33.  1997 3>4C MB8 AB0BL8 ?>;CG8;8 350 BKAOG AAK;>:: 2 A@54=5<, ?@8<5@=> ?> ?OB=04F0BL =0 HBC:C. 4=0:>, 44 AB0BL8 1K;8 ?@>F8B8@>20=K 1>;55 ?OB8A>B @07. >3;> ;8 B0:>5 ?@>87>9B8, 5A;8 2A5 AB0BL8 @02=K? A;8 >=8 459AB28B5;L=> @02=K, B> 25@>OB=>ABL 2K83@0BL AAK;:C @02=0 1 87 24-QE BKAOG. '5<C @02=0 25@>OB=>ABL 2K83@0BL 500 AAK;>: 87 350 000? 0AAG5B =5A:>;L:> 1>;55 A;>65=, G5< 2 <8;8B0@8ABA:>< A;CG05, => 53> @57C;LB0B - 1 87 10<sup>500</sup>, 8;8, 4@C38<8 A;>20<8, =>;L. 0?@0H8205BAO 2K2>4 GB> 44 4>AB83H85 =52>7<>6=>3> AB0BL8 459AB28B5;L=> O2;ONBAO 25;8:8<8.</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> 4=0:> MB> =5 A>2A5< B0:, 5A;8 <K ?@8<5< 2> 2=8<0=85 B>B D0:B, GB> 1>;LH8=AB2> AAK;>: ?5@5?8A0=K 87 A?8A:>2 ;8B5@0BC@K, ?@82545==KE 2 4@C38E AB0BLOE.  @57C;LB0B5 :>?8@>20=8O AAK;>:, AB0BLO, :>B>@CN C65 ?@>F8B8@>20;8, 8<55B 1>;LH5 H0=A>2 1KBL F8B8@>20==>9 A=>20, 0 ?>A;5 B>3>, :0: 5Q ?@>F8B8@CNB 5IQ @07 - C =5Q 1C45B 5I5 1>;LH5 H0=A>2 ?@8>1@5AB8 =>2K5 AAK;:8. @C38<8 A;>20<8 «2AO:><C 8<5NI5<C 40ABAO 8 ?@8C<=>68BAO» (20=35;85 >B 0BD5O [25:29]; <a href="#_ftn9" title="">[9]</a>). K 2KH;8 =0 >B;8G=CN ?>78F8N A :>B>@>9 <>6=> =0G0BL D@>=B0;L=CN 0B0:C =0 =0CG=>-?C1;8:0F8>==K9 8ABM1;8H<5=B. ;O MB>3> =0< ?>=04>18BAO <b><>45;L A;CG09=>-F8B8@CNI8E CG5=KE</b> <a href="#_ftn10">[10]</a>. =0 B0:>20. >340 CG5=K9 ?8H5B AB0BLN, >= 15@5B B@8 A;CG09=KE AB0BL8, F8B8@C5B 8E, 0 B0: 65 ?5@5?8AK205B 87 =8E G5B25@BL AAK;>:. -B0 <>45;L <i>G8A;5==></i> >?8AK205B M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=> =01;N45==>5 @0A?@545;5=85 F8B0B (A<>B@8B5 @8AC=>: =865). 0:>20 65 25@>OB=>ABL, GB> A;CG09=0O AB0BLO AB0=5B 7=0<5=8B>9, B> 5ABL ?>;CG8B 1>;55 500->B AAK;>:? 0AAG5B ?>:07K205B GB> MB0 25@>OB=>ABL @02=0 1 87 600-AB0. -B> 7=0G8B, GB> ?@8<5@=> 40 87 24 000 AB0B59 4>;6=K AB0BL 7=0<5=8BK<8 ?> 70:>=C A;CG0O. 1K:=>25==0O <0B5<0B8G5A:0O 25@>OB=>ABL 157 2AO:>3> 35=8O <>65B >1JOA=8BL, ?>G5<C >4=8 AB0BL8 F8B8@CNBAO <=>3> @07 1>;LH5, G5< 4@C385.</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; page-break-after:avoid'><img border=0 src="random_citing.gif"></p> <p class=MsoCaption style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-size:12.0pt; font-weight:normal'> 57C;LB0BK @0AAG5B0 ?> <>45;8 A;CG09=>-F8B8@CNI8E CG5=KE 2 A@02=5=88 A @50;L=K<8 F8B0B=K<8 40==K<8.</span><br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p> <p class=MsoFootnoteText style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>>4>1=> 35=8N 2>5==><C, 35=89 =0CG=K9 =0< B>;L:> <5@5I8BAO.  A2>59 :=835 <i>C<0=8B0@=K5 =0C:8 :0: :>;4>2AB2></i> (<i>Social sciences as sorcery</i>) <a href="#_ftn11">[11]</a> A>F8>;>3 !B0=8A;02 =4@5A:89 (Stanislav Andreski) ?8H5B > 25;8:8E CG5=KE, :0: ">;AB>9 > 25;8:8E ?>;:>2>4F0E: </span> </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> =0<5=8BK9 CG5=K9 4>;65= 1K; 1K 8<5BL A0<K9 =5>1KG=K9 E0@0:B5@ GB>1K >18;L=> ?8A0BL ?>;=>ABLN ?>=8<0O, GB> 53> @01>B0 15AA<KA;5==0 8 GB> >= H0@;0B0=, GLO A;020 01A>;NB=> =5 70A;C65=0 8 >A=>2K205BAO ;8HL =0 3;C?>AB8 8 4>25@G82>AB8 53> ?>G8B0B5;59. 065 5A;8 :>340-B> C =53> 8 1K;8 A><=5=8O 2 ?@028;L=>AB8 53> <5B>40, CA?5E 8 ;5ABL A:>@> C154OB 53> 2 53> 35=80;L=>AB8 8 2 M?>E0;L=>AB8 53> AB@O?=8. >340, 2A;54AB285 >1@5B5=8O :>=B@>;O 70 @0A?@545;5=85< 45=53 8 4>;6=>AB59, >= AB0=>28BAO >:@C65= ?>4E0;8<0<8, 8ICI8<8 53> @0A?>;>65=8O, >= =5 ?>=8<05B 8E 8AB8==KE <>B82>2; 8, ?>4>1=> 1>30BK< 8 2;8OB5;L=K< ;N4O< 4@C38E ?@>D5AA89, ?@8=8<05B ;5ABL 70 G8ABCN <>=5BC, AG8B0O 5Q 8A:@5==8< 2>AE8I5=85< (8, A;54>20B5;L=>, ?>4B25@645=85<). </span> </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> :=835 -::;5780AB0 =0?8A0=> «K205B =5GB>, > G5< 3>2>@OB: "A<>B@8, 2>B MB> =>2>5"; => <em>MB></em> 1K;> C65 2 25:0E, 1K2H8E ?@5645 =0A.» 7;>65==K5 2 MB>9 AB0BL5 >B:@KB8O =5 O2;ONBAO 8A:;NG5=85<. "@84F0BL ;5B =0704 8AB>@8: =0C:8 5@5: 45 !>;0 @09A (Derek de Sola Price) <a href="#_ftn14" title=""></a><a name="_ftnref13"></a><a href="#_ftn12"><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref14'>[12]</span><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref14'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_ftnref14'></span>, :>B>@K9 87CG0; =0CG=>5 F8B8@>20=85, @07@01>B0; <>45;L <i>=0:0?;8205<>3> ?@58<CI5AB20</i>, A>3;0A=> :>B>@>9 A:>@>ABL ?@8>1@5B5=8O =0CG=>9 @01>B>9 =>2KE AAK;>: ?@>?>@F8>=0;L=0 G8A;C AAK;>:, :>B>@>5 MB0 @01>B0 C65 ?>;CG8;0. ! ?><>ILN A2>59 <>45;8 @09A A<>3 >1JOA=8BL M:A?5@8<5=B0;L=> =01;N45==>5 @0A?@545;5=85 AAK;>:. 4=0:>, @09A =5 A<>3 >1JOA=8BL <i>?>G5<C</i> A:>@>ABL ?@8>1@5B5=8O AAK;>: ?@>?>@F8>=0;L=0 =0:>?;5==><C 8E G8A;C. -B> 1K;> A45;0=> ;8HL =5402=>, :>340 1K;0 @07@01>B0=0 <>45;L A;CG09=>-F8B8@CNI8E CG5=KE <a href="#_ftn6">[6]</a>, <a href="#_ftn7">[7]</a>, <a href="#_ftn10">[10]</a>.</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'>"5?5@L <K ?@>F8B8@C5< <i>>9=C 8 <8@</i> ?>A;54=89 @07.</p> <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> 45B ?0@>2>7. !?@0H8205BAO, >BG53> >= 42865BAO? C68: 3>2>@8B: MB> G5@B 42865B 53>. @C3>9 3>2>@8B, GB> ?0@>2>7 845B >BB>3>, GB> 2 =5< 4286CBAO :>;5A0. "@5B89 CB25@6405B, GB> ?@8G8=0 42865=8O 70:;NG05BAO 2 4K<5, >B=>A8<>< 25B@><.</p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> C68: =5>?@>25@68<. ;O B>3> GB>1K 53> >?@>25@3=CBL, =04>, GB>1K :B>-=81C4L 4>:070; 5<C, GB> =5B G5@B0, 8;8 GB>1K 4@C3>9 <C68: >1JOA=8;, GB> =5 G5@B, 0 =5<5F 42865B ?0@>2>7. ">;L:> B>340 87 ?@>B82>@5G89 >=8 C284OB, GB> >=8 >10 =5 ?@02K. > B>B, :>B>@K9 3>2>@8B, GB> ?@8G8=0 5ABL 42865=85 :>;5A, A0< A51O >?@>25@305B, 81>, 5A;8 >= 2ABC?8; =0 ?>G2C 0=0;870, >= 4>;65= 84B8 40;LH5 8 40;LH5: >= 4>;65= >1JOA=8BL ?@8G8=C 42865=8O :>;5A.  4> B5E ?>@, ?>:0 >= =5 ?@845B : ?>A;54=59 ?@8G8=5 42865=8O ?0@>2>70, : A60B><C 2 ?0@>28:5 ?0@C, >= =5 1C45B 8<5BL ?@020 >AB0=>28BLAO 2 >BKA:820=88 ?@8G8=K. ">B 65, :>B>@K9 >1JOA=O; 42865=85 ?0@>2>70 >B=>A8<K< =0704 4K<><, 70<5B82, GB> >1JOA=5=85 > :>;5A0E =5 405B ?@8G8=K, 27O; ?5@2K9 ?>?02H89AO ?@87=0: 8, A A2>59 AB>@>=K, 2K40; 53> 70 ?@8G8=C.</p> </span> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> >72@0I0OAL =0704 : =0H8< F8B0B0<, - 35=89 70 2KA>:>F8B8@C5<>9 @01>B>9 - MB> G5@B 2 ?0@>2>75. @09A>2A:89 ?@>F5AA =0:0?;8205<>3> ?@58<CI5AB20 MB> 42865=85 :>;5A. C 0 :>?8@>20=85 AAK;>: - MB> B>B A0<K9 A60BK9 2 ?0@>28:5 ?0@, :>B>@K9 8 B>;:05B 2?5@54 ?0@>2>7 =0CG=>-?C1;8:0F8>==>3> 8ABM1;8H<5=B0.</p> <p align=left style='text-align:left'><em><span style='font-family:Arial; font-style:normal'>8E08; !8<:8=</span></em><br></span> 11.9.2007</p> <br> <h3>!AK;:8</h3> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><a name="_ftn1"></a> [1] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn1'></span> . . 5@B>=, "-DD5:B 0BD5O 2 =0C:5" (R. K. Merton,  The Matthew Effect in Science ) , Science, <b>159</b>, 56 (1968). </p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><a name="_ftn2"></a> [2] . !>:0; 8 . @8<>= ">4=0O G5?CE0" (A. Sokal and J. Bricmont <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?link_code=ur2&camp=1789&tag=reverentorg-20&creative=9325&path=tg/detail/-/0312204078/qid=1117684951/sr=1-1/ref=sr_1_1?v=glance%26s=books" rel="nofollow"><i>Fashionable Nonsense</i></a>), Picador, New York, 1998. </p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a name="_ftn3"></a> [3] <span style='font-size:12.0pt'>=4@59 @;>2A:89 "$878:8-?@8:>;8ABK >B:@K;8 :20=B>2CN ;06C" (Andrew Orlowski, Physics hoaxers discover Quantum Bogosity ) , <i>The Register</i>, </span><st1:date Year="2002" Day="1" Month="11"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>1<sup>st</sup> November 2002</span></st1:date><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>, <a href="http://www.theregister.co.uk/2002/11/01/physics_hoaxers_discover_quantum_bogosity/">http://www.theregister.co.uk/2002/11/01/physics_hoaxers_discover_quantum_bogosity/</a></span></p> <p class=MsoFootnoteText><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>6>= 057 "5;> >340=>2KE" (John Baez,  The Bogdanoff Affair ) , <a href="http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/bogdanoff/">http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/bogdanoff/</a></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a name="_ftn4"></a> [4] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn4'></span>#35= - 02B><0B8G5A:89 35=5@0B>@ AB0B59 ?> 8=D>@<0B8:5 (SCIgen - An Automatic CS Paper Generator) <span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <a href="http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/scigen/">http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/scigen/</a></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a name="_ftn5"></a> [5] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn5'></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>6. . 09<0=, "=D>@<0F8O,:><<C=8:0F8O, 7=0=85" (J.M. Ziman,  Information, communication, knowledge ), Nature, vol. 324 p.318 (1969).<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><a name="_ftn6"></a> [6] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn7'></span> .. !8<:8=, .. >9G>4EC@8, "@5645 G5< F8B8@>20BL - ?@>GB8!" (M.V. Simkin and V.P. Roychowdhury,  Read before you cite! ), Complex Systems, <b>14</b>,&nbsp; 269 (2003), <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0212043">http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0212043</a></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a name="_ftn7"></a> [7] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn8'></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>.. !8<:8=, .. >9G>4EC@8, "!B>E0AB8G5A:>5 <>45;8@>20=85 >H81>: 2 F8B8@>20=88" ( M.V. Simkin and V.P. Roychowdhury,  Stochastic modeling of citation slips ), Scientometrics, <b>62</b>, No.3, pp. 367-384 (2005),&nbsp; <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0401529">http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0401529</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a name="_ftn8"></a> [8] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn9'></span>SPIRES: High-Energy Physics Literature Database <span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <a href="http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/hep/">http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/hep/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoFootnoteText style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><a name="_ftn9"></a> [9] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn10'></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>!>F8>;>3 >15@B 5@B>= >:@5AB8; ?>4>1=>5 O2;5=85  -DD5:B>< 0BD5O </span> <a href="#_ftn1" title=""><span class=MsoFootnoteReference><span style='vertical-align:baseline'>[1]</span></span></a><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>.</span>&nbsp; <span style='font-size:12.0pt'>4=0:>, ?>E>685 2KA:07K20=8O 5ABL 8 2 42CE 4@C38E 520=35;8OE:  & :B> 8<55B, B><C 40=> 1C45B&  [0@:0 </span><span style='font-size: 12.0pt'>4:25</span></st1:time><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>],  & 2AO:><C 8<5NI5<C 40=> 1C45B&  [C:8 19:26] 8 ?@8=04;560B %@8ABC. "5< =5 <5=55, 8<O  -DD5:B 0BD5O ?>2B>@8;8 BKAOG8 =5G8B02H8E 81;8N CG5=KE.</span></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><a name="_ftn10"></a> [10] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn11'></span> .. !8<:8=, .. >9G>4EC@8, ">?8@>20=85 AAK;>: A>7405B 7=0<5=8BK5 AB0BL8?" (M.V. Simkin and V.P. Roychowdhury,  Copied citations create renowned papers? ), Annals of Improbable Res. vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 24-27, 2005;&nbsp; <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0305150">http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0305150</a> <p> .. !8<:8=, .. >9G>4EC@8, "0B5<0B8G5A:0O B5>@8O F8B8@>20=8O" (M.V. Simkin and V.P. Roychowdhury,  A mathematical theory of citing ), Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(11):1661--1673, 2007;&nbsp; <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0504094">http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0504094</a> <p> .. !8<:8=, .. >9G>4EC@8, "2545=85 2 B5>@8N F8B8@>20=8O" (M.V. Simkin and V.P. Roychowdhury,  An introduction to the theory of citing ), Significance, vol 3, no 4, pp 179-181 (2006);&nbsp; <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0701086">http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0701086</a></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoFootnoteText><a name="_ftn11"></a> [11] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn12'></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> !B0=8A;02 =4@5A:89, "C<0=8B0@=K5 =0C:8 :0: :>;4>2AB2>" (Stanislav Andreski, <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?link_code=ur2&camp=1789&tag=reverentorg-20&creative=9325&path=tg/detail/-/0233962263" rel="nofollow"><i>Social sciences as sorcery</i></a>) </span>, Andre Deutsch, London, 1972. !<>B@8B5 ?@548A;>285.</span></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><a name="_ftn12"></a> [12] <span style='mso-bookmark:_ftn13'></span> . 45 !. @09A, "1I0O B5>@8O 181;8><5B@8G5A:>3> 8 4@C38E ?@>F5AA>2 =0:0?;8205<>3> ?@58<CI5AB20" (D. de S. Price, &quot;A general theory of bibliometric and other cumulative advantage process&quot;), Journal of American Society for Information Science, <b>27</b>, 292 (1976).</p> </div> <hr> <p><span style='font-size:25.0pt'>'B> ?8HCB 2 ?@5AA5 >1 MB8E >B:@KB8OE</span></p> <ul> <li> New Scientist <A HREF="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3168-scientists-exposed-as-sloppy-reporters.html">Scientists exposed as sloppy reporters </A> </li> <li> TELEPOLIS <A HREF="http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/13/13777/1.html">Kopiert statt gelesen</A> </li> <li> Investigación y Ciencia <A HREF="http://ecclesiastes911.net/press/citas.pdf">Cita a ciegas</A> </li> <li> Gazeta.pl <A HREF="http://serwisy.gazeta.pl/nauka/1,34148,1498335.html">Jak rozpozna wielko[ uczonego</A> </li> <li> Netzeitung.de <A HREF="http://www.netzeitung.de/servlets/page?section=568&item=219472">Freudsche Versprecher entlarven Forscher</A> </li> <li> Netzeitung.de <A HREF="http://www.netzeitung.de/servlets/page?section=568&item=240620">Wissenschaftlicher Ruhm kann Zufall sein</A> </li> <li> EL PAIS <A HREF="http://www.elpais.com/articulo/futuro/Merito/cientifico/casualidad/elpepifut/20031217elpepifut_5/Tes">Mérito científico y casualidad</A> </li> <li> Forskning.no <A HREF="http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2002/desember/1041002680.83">Forskerne kopierer hverandres feil</A> </li> <li> Ingeniøren <A HREF="http://ing.dk/artikel/44723">Forskere fusker med citater</A> </li> <li> Agence Science Presse <A HREF="http://www.sciencepresse.qc.ca/archives/2002/cap1612028.html">L'homme qui a cité l'homme qui a cité l'homme qui a cité l'ours </A> </li> <li> Folha Online <A HREF="http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/ciencia/ult306u7964.shtml">Cientista evita ler fontes originais antes de citá-las </A> </li> <li> VnExpress <A HREF="http://vnexpress.net/Vietnam/Khoa-hoc/2002/12/3B9C36B2/">Các nhà khoa hÍc là nhïng báo cáo viên c©u th£</A> </li> <li> Helsinki.fi <A HREF="http://www.helsinki.fi/ajankohtaista/uutisarkisto/1-2003/3-12-47-06">Tutkijat jättävät usein lähteensä lukematta</A> </li> <li> Slashdot <A HREF="http://science.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=02/12/14/0115243&mode=thread&tid=134">Scientists Don't Read the Papers They Cite</A> </li> <li> Slashdot.jp <A HREF="http://slashdot.jp/science/article.pl?sid=02/12/04/0813204">ÖŠ‡en0W„€o0_(u‡e.s’0,gS_k0­Š“0g0D0‹0K0ÿ </A> </li> <li> VCharkarn.com <A HREF="http://www.vcharkarn.com/vcafe/12748">-0...A.H!..@!7H-1'4"2(2*#LD!H"-!32#I2! </A> </li> <li> Tides of Life <A HREF="http://www.tidesoflife.com/blood_pressure.htm">Why Almost Everything Written About Treating Blood Pressure Is Wrong</A> </li> <li> -B> 8=B5@5A=>... <A HREF="http://ecclesiastes911.net/ru/press/is_it_science.html">1 CGQ=KE</A> </li> </ul> </body> </html>